PCOS is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It is often associated with insulin resistance, which can lead to high levels of androgens (male hormones) in the body. These high levels of androgens can lead to the development of cysts on the ovaries, which are small fluid-filled sacs that can cause irregular menstrual periods.
Treatment of PCOS typically involves a combination of medications and lifestyle changes. This may include oral contraceptives to regulate menstrual periods, metformin to manage insulin resistance, and weight loss to improve hormonal balance. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the cysts on the ovaries.
It is important for women with PCOS to work with their healthcare provider to manage their symptoms and maintain their overall health. This may include regular check-ups, maintaining a healthy diet and exercise routine, and seeking support from friends, family, and support groups.